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Joaquín Arrarás
JOAQUÍN ARRARÁS (1898-1975) was a Spanish journalist, editor and historian. Born in Pamplona, Spain in 1898, he began his journalistic career in Burgos with the El Castellano newspaper. He moved to...ver maisJOAQUÍN ARRARÁS (1898-1975) was a Spanish journalist, editor and historian. Born in Pamplona, Spain in 1898, he began his journalistic career in Burgos with the El Castellano newspaper. He moved to Barcelona in 1922, where he served as foreign correspondent for the Madrid-based Catholic newspaper El Debate, reporting from Morocco (where he met Francisco Franco), Europe, U.S.A. and the Middle East. In 1925 he became chief editor of the Cantabrian newspaper El Diario Montañés de Santander, before rejoining El Debate in 1930. Arrarás was co-founder and editor-in-chief of the daily Ya (1935-1936), as well as editor for the magazine ABC. In 1937, General Emilio Mola appointed him as General Director of the press services for the National Defense Board. Arrarás authored several books during the Spanish Civil War, including The Last Night of the Alcazar (1937) and History of the Spanish Crusade. He was awarded the Francisco Franco National Literature Prize in 1956 for the first of his four-volume History of the Second Republic. He was decorated with the Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Isabella the Catholic in 1962. Arrarás died in Madrid in 1975.
J. MANUEL ESPINOSA (1909-1999) was the U.S. State Department’s Chief Historian from 1971-1978. Born in 1909 in Chicago, Illinois, he held bachelor’s and master’s degrees from Stanford University, California, and his doctorate from UCLA, Berkeley. He served as professor at St. Louis University, and later at Loyola College, Chicago. Dr. Espinosa began working for the State Department in 1944. He was chief of escort interpreters, helped set up the Fulbright scholars program, and acted as translator for President Harry S. Truman. He was executive secretary of the board of foreign scholarships during the Eisenhower administration and later deputy director of the division of educational and cultural affairs. He was named historian in 1971. He died in Frederick, Maryland in 1999.ver menos