Sonho de uma Noite de Verão

De William Shakespeare e Beatriz Viégas-Faria

Numa noite de verão, num bosque, quatro jovens enamorados encontram-se e desencontram-se: Lisandro ama Hérmia que ama Lisandro e é amada por Demétrio, que é amado por Helena; depois, Demétrio ama Helena, que ama Demétrio e é amada por Lisandro, que é amado por Hérmia. Ação e movimentação, paixões e casamentos, brigas e reconciliações, equívocos e finais felizes. É um Shakespeare muito divertido e nada trágico, um "sonho" originalmente escrito para uma festa de casamento na vida real.

• Idioma: Português
• Editora: L&PM Pocket
• Data de lançamento: 12 de dez. de 2011
• ISBN: 9788525425584

William Shakespeare

William Shakespeare (1564–1616) is arguably the most famous playwright to ever live. Born in England, he attended grammar school but did not study at a university. In the 1590s, Shakespeare worked as partner and performer at the London-based acting company, the King’s Men. His earliest plays were Henry VI and Richard III, both based on the historical figures. During his career, Shakespeare produced nearly 40 plays that reached multiple countries and cultures. Some of his most notable titles include Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet and Julius Caesar. His acclaimed catalog earned him the title of the world’s greatest dramatist.

Pré-visualização do livro

Vida e obra

WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE nasceu em Stratford-upon-Avon, Inglaterra, em 23 de abril de 1564, filho de John Shakespeare e Mary Arden. John Shakespeare era um rico comerciante, além de ter ocupado vários cargos da administração da cidade. Mary Arden era oriunda de uma família cultivada. Pouco se sabe da infância e da juventude de Shakespeare, mas imagina-se que tenha frequentado a escola primária King Edward VI, onde teria aprendido latim e literatura. Em dezembro de 1582, Shakespeare casou-se com Ann Hathaway, filha de um fazendeiro das redondezas. Tiveram três filhos.

A partir de 1592, os dados biográficos são mais abundantes. Em março, estreou no Rose Theatre de Londres uma peça chamada Harry the Sixth, de muito sucesso, que foi provavelmente a primeira parte de Henry VI. Em 1593, Shakespeare publicou seu poema Venus and Adonis e, no ano seguinte, o poema The Rape of Lucrece. Acredita-se que, nessa época, Shakespeare já era um dramaturgo (e um ator, já que os dramaturgos na sua maior parte também participavam da encenação de suas peças) de sucesso. Em 1594, após um período de poucas montagens em Londres, devido à peste, Shakespeare juntou-se à trupe de Lord Chamberlain. Os dois mais célebres dramaturgos do período, Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593) e Thomas Kyd (1558-1594), respectivamente autores de Tamburlaine, the Jew of Malta (Tamburlaine, o judeu de Malta) e Spanish Tragedy (Tragédia espanhola), morreram por esta época, e Shakespeare encontrava-se pela primeira vez sem rival.

Os teatros de madeira elisabetanos eram construções simples, a céu aberto, com um palco que se projetava à frente, em volta do qual se punha a plateia, de pé. Ao fundo, havia duas portas, pelas quais atores entravam e saíam. Acima, uma sacada, que era usada quando tornava-se necessário mostrar uma cena que se passasse em uma ambientação secundária. Não havia cenário, o que abria toda uma gama de versáteis possibilidades, já que, sem cortina, a peça começava quando entrava o primeiro ator e terminava à saída do último, e simples objetos e peças de vestuário desempenhavam importantes funções para localizar a história. As ações se passavam muito rápido. Devido à proximidade com o público, trejeitos e expressões dos atores (todos homens) podiam ser facilmente apreciados. As companhias teatrais eram formadas por dez a quinze membros e funcionavam como cooperativas: todos recebiam participações nos lucros. Escrevia-se, portanto, tendo em mente cada integrante da companhia.

Em 1594, Shakespeare já havia escrito as três partes de Henry VI, Richard III, Titus Andronicus, The Two Gentleman of Verona (Dois cavalheiros de Verona), Love’s Labour’s Lost (Trabalhos de amor perdidos), The Comedy of Errors (A comédia dos erros) e The Taming of the Shrew (A megera domada). Em 1596, morreu o único filho homem de Shakespeare, Hamnet. Logo em seguida, ele escreveu a primeira das suas peças mais famosas, Romeo and Juliet, à qual seguiram-se A Midsummer’s Night Dream (Sonho de uma noite de verão), Richard II e The Merchant of Venice (O mercador de Veneza). Henry IV, na qual aparece Falstaff, seu mais famoso personagem cômico, foi escrita entre 1597-1598. No Natal de 1598, a companhia construiu uma nova casa de espetáculos na margem sul do Tâmisa. Os custos foram divididos pelos diretores da companhia, entre os quais Shakespeare, que provavelmente já tinha alguma fortuna. Nascia o Globe Theatre. Também é de 1598 o reconhecimento de Shakespeare como o mais importante dramaturgo de língua inglesa: suas peças, além de atraírem milhares de espectadores para os teatros de madeira, eram impressas e vendidas sob a forma de livro – às vezes até mesmo pirateados. Seguiram-se Henry V (Henrique V), As You Like It (Como gostais), Julius Caesar (Júlio César) – a primeira das suas tragédias da maturidade –, Troilus and Cressida, The Merry Wives of Windsor (As alegres matronas de Windsor), Hamlet e Twelfth Night (Noite de Reis). Shakespeare escreveu a maior parte dos papéis principais de suas tragédias para Richard Burbage, sócio e ator, que primeiro se destacou com Richard III.

Em março de 1603, morreu a rainha Elisabeth. A companhia havia encenado diversas peças para ela, mas seu sucessor, o rei James, contratou-a em caráter permanente, e ela tornou-se conhecida como King’s Men – Homens do Rei. Eles encenaram diversas vezes na corte e prosperaram financeiramente. Seguiram-se All’s Well that Ends Well (Bem está o que bem acaba) e Measure for Measure (Medida por medida) – suas comédias mais sombrias –, Othello, Macbeth, King Lear, Anthony and Cleopatra e Coriolanus. A partir de 1601, Shakespeare escreveu menos. Em 1608, a King’s Men comprou uma segunda casa de espetáculos, um teatro privado em Blackfriars. Nesses teatros privados, as peças eram encenadas em ambientes fechados, o ingresso custava mais do que nas casas públicas de espetáculos, e o público, consequentemente, era mais seleto. Parece ter sido nessa época que Shakespeare aposentou-se dos palcos: seu nome não aparece nas listas de atores a partir de 1607. Voltou a viver em Stratford, onde era considerado um dos mais ilustres cidadãos. Escreveu então quatro tragicomédias, subgênero que começava a ganhar espaço: Péricles, Cymbeline, The Winter’s Tale (Conto de inverno) e The Tempest (A tempestade), sendo que esta última foi encenada na corte em 1611. Shakespeare morreu em Stratford em 23 de abril de 1616. Foi enterrado na parte da igreja reservada ao clero. Escreveu ao todo 38 peças, 154 sonetos e uma variedade de outros poemas. Suas peças destacam-se pela grandeza poética da linguagem, pela profundidade filosófica e pela complexa caracterização dos personagens. É considerado unanimemente um dos mais importantes autores de todos os tempos.

Personagens da Peça

Teseu, duque de Atenas

Hipólita, rainha das amazonas, noiva de Teseu

Lisandro, jovens cortesãos, apaixonados por Hérmia

Demétrio, jovens cortesãos, apaixonados por Hérmia

Hérmia, apaixonada por Lisandro

Helena, apaixonada por Demétrio

Egeu, o pai de Hérmia

Filóstrato, mestre de festividades de Teseu

Oberon, rei das fadas e dos duendes

Titânia, rainha das fadas e dos duendes

Uma Fada a serviço de Titânia

Bute, ou Robin Bom Companheiro, um duende endiabrado, bufão e ajudante de ordens de Oberon

Flor de Ervilha, duendes a serviço de Titânia

Teia de Aranha, duendes a serviço de Titânia

Mariposinha, duendes a serviço de Titânia

Semente de Mostarda, duendes a serviço de Titânia

Pedro Cunha, um carpinteiro; Prólogo (no Interlúdio)

Nando Fundilho, um tecelão; Píramo (no Interlúdio)

Chico Flauta, um conserta-foles; Tisbe (no Interlúdio)

Tonho Chaleira, um funileiro; Muro (no Interlúdio)

Justinho, um marceneiro; Leão (no Interlúdio)

Beto

Avaliações de Sonho de uma Noite de Verão

[kennethwdavis_1 · Nota: 5 de 5 estrelas]

My favorite Shakespearean comedy, a miracle.

[pilgrimjess · Nota: 4 de 5 estrelas]

" The course of true love never did run smooth."This is one of Shakespeare's most performed comedies and as such probably one of his best known. Consequently I'm not going to going to say anything about the plot. I personally studied this whilst at school as part of an English Literature course and despite my callow years I remember enjoying. However, I haven't read it since.Now, far too many decades later, I read Bernard Cornwell's novel 'Fools and Mortals' which centres around a speculative and fictional première of the play. Having really enjoyed reading that book decided to revisit the original. Once again I found it a highly enjoyable read which made me smile and a piece of true genius.

[jfoster_sf · Nota: 5 de 5 estrelas]

Great romantic comedy.

[anagarika · Nota: 3 de 5 estrelas]

Kinda boring.

[meandmybooks-1 · Nota: 4 de 5 estrelas]

Well, what do you know? Third time wasn't the charm with this one – between reading it during my own education and with my kids for theirs, this is more like my fifth go with this play – but it's finally growing on me! I've always thought of this as “that stupid play with the lovers, the donkey, and all the irritating fairies,” but this time it seemed less stupid! I give the credit, as usual this year, to the amazing Marjorie Garber. Her essay, in Shakepeare After All, on this play was particularly good. Having just read “Romeo and Juliet” last week, I could fully appreciate the parallels she drew between the two plays, and she persuasively illustrated the ways the themes of love and envy, dreams and rationality, transformation and imagination give depth, meaning, and coherence to the play that I just hadn't seen before. The lovers are still silly and Theseus is still obnoxious, sure, but the play isn't quite the silly fluff I'd previously thought. A solid four stars.As well as Garber's book, my reading was enhanced by an audio performance from L.A. Theatre Works (2013) and the BBC's creative retelling of the play from their “Shakespeare Retold” series. The notes in the Folger Shakespeare Library (Updated) edition are quite adequate without being excessive, though in the mass market paperback edition I have the inside margin is so skimpy that the text threatens to disappear into the gutter.

[antao-3 · Nota: 4 de 5 estrelas]

The Physics of the Impossible: "A Midsummer Night's Dream" by William Shakespeare, Burton Raffel, Harold Bloom Published 2005.

I have had a most rare vision. I have had a dream, past the
wit of man to say what dream it was. Man is but an ass, if
he go about to expound this dream. Methought I was—
there is no man can tell what. Methought I was—and
methought I had—but man is but a patch’d fool, if he
will offer to say what methought I had. The eye of man
hath not heard, the ear of man hath not seen, man’s hand
is not able to taste, his tongue to conceive, nor his heart
to report, what my dream was.
(4.1.203–212)

(Paraphrase: I had the strangest dream. It is outside of the abilities of mankind to explain it: a man is as foolish as a donkey if he tries to about to expound this dream. Methought I was—there explain the dream of mine. I thought I was – well no one can really say what exactly. I thought I was – and I methought I had, -- but man is but a patched fool, if thought I had – but someone would be an idiot to say what I thought I had).

I remember watching the play for the first time in Quinta da Regaleira, Sintra in 2002 (staged by Rui Mário). Shakespeare has always been an over-riding need for me. I don't have the ability to act, though I do write betimes, but there's nothing like the thrill of a life performance, like the one I watched in 2002.

The rest of this review can be found elsewhere.

[jwhenderson_1 · Nota: 5 de 5 estrelas]

"The course of true love never did run smooth,” comments Lysander, articulating one of A Midsummer Night’s Dream’s most important themes—that of the difficulty of love (I.i.134). Though most of the conflict in the play stems from the troubles of romance, and though the play involves a number of romantic elements, it is not truly a love story; it distances the audience from the emotions of the characters in order to poke fun at the torments and afflictions that those in love suffer. The tone of the play is so lighthearted that the audience never doubts that things will end happily, and it is therefore free to enjoy the comedy without being caught up in the tension of an uncertain outcome.This play has insoired many musicians, notably Felix Mendelssohn who wrote an overture and incidental music for the play. It also inspired Benjamin Britten to write one of his best and most impressive operas. Britten used the text of the play for his libretto which is rarely done. A fantasy, this is among my favorite of all Shakespeare's plays.

[bryndahlquis · Nota: 5 de 5 estrelas]

This will always be my favorite Shakespeare play. I love all the fairies, Puck especially, and I'll never get over the four lovers' quarrels when half of them are under spells. Plus, how can anyone not enjoy Pyramus and Thisby?

[lhlogan1 · Nota: 5 de 5 estrelas]

Finally, a Shakespeare book I can get behind. Fun, light and crisp; this tale is a hit.

[shanaqui_1 · Nota: 3 de 5 estrelas]

Studied it for A Level. I wasn't really fond, though there were some good/clever bits in the writing.

[amaraduende · Nota: 4 de 5 estrelas]

*gasp* Can I put Shakespeare in my fantasy shelf? :)

This is just such a delicious treat to read. Do yourself a favor and read it outloud - at least parts of it. It's just so fun.

[elmyra_1 · Nota: 3 de 5 estrelas]

Was promted to re-read this by reading Neil Gaiman's eponymous Sandman short story. Learned:That my English has gotten a hell of a lot better in the last 11 years. This was the first Shakespeare play I tried to read, and I read it by myself at the time, so I didn't really get it.That I still don't really get the "brilliance" of this particular Sandman story.That I should probably read more Shakespeare.That some of the notes to this edition are utterly useless, and that Reclam can't quite decide what level of audience they're aiming their notes and translations at.

[librarylou · Nota: 4 de 5 estrelas]

One of my favourite Shakespeare plays, very witty and funny.

[hvymetalmg · Nota: 4 de 5 estrelas]

Having taken a Shakespeare class in college, I've read, studied and analyzed a number of the bard's plays. This was a sleeper as it turned out to be my favorite. If a book this old can make me laugh, that says something, especially when most television shows today can't make me smirk.

[aarondesk · Nota: 4 de 5 estrelas]

A comedy by Shakespeare on love and marriage. The way he mixes English culture with ancient mythology is brilliant.

[kerrilea-1 · Nota: 5 de 5 estrelas]

A great story of romance with enough trickery to make it fantastical. He loves her but she loves him, and nothing is ever clear when you're in the middle of it all!

This is an easy-to-read for anyone who is new to Shakespeare, play formats, or both. I highly recommend this for a fun look into romance and the drama that naturally ensues. It seems that we all have our own Fae dictating the rules of our hearts, sometimes.

[seraphinac.b4 · Nota: 3 de 5 estrelas]

In "A Midnight's Summer Dream", there are four lovers, Lysander and Hermia, and Demetrius and Helena. Hermia wishes to marry Lysander but Demetrius is also in love with her. Hermia's father, Egeus, wants her to marry Demetrius. If she refuses, she could receive the full extent of the law and be executed. Nevertheless, Hermia and Lysander plan to flee Athens the next night and marry in the house of Lysander's aunt. They tell Helena, who was once engaged to Demetrius, who still loves him even though he dumped her for Hermia. Helene wanting to regain Demetrius's love, tells him about Lysander and Hermia escaping. Demetrius follows Lysander and Hermia while Helena follows Demetrius. Fairy king, Oberon, notices how cruelly Demetrius acts towards Helena. Oberon orders Puck, a fairy messenger, to spread the juice of a magic flower on Demetrius's eye lids so that the first person he sees, he will love. Puck mistakes Lysander for Demetrius and when Lysander wakes up he immediately falls in love with Helena, who was the first person he saw. Later that night, Puck tries to fix his mistake, but it ends up that they both now love Helena. The next night Puck succeeds in making Lysander love Hermia, and Demetrius love Helena. Theseus, a duke, and Hippolyta, the queen of the Amazons, find them sleeping and take them to Athens to be married. Overall, this book was lacking. I thought this because it was dull. I found it dull because you would know what happened next. it didn't have any cliffhangers. I thought it was slow to get to the climax... if there was one. Shakespeare wrote using strong literal and metaphorical language, which makes it confusing. It was not my cup of tea.

[leslie398 · Nota: 3 de 5 estrelas]

While I liked the overall plot, I found this to be one of the plays in which Shakespeare's language is hard for me. I have seen some of the film versions (most notably the 1935 movie with Olivia de Havilland & Jimmy Cagney and the BBC Production with Helen Mirren as Titania) & seeing the action does help (especially in the 'humorous' parts!).One thing that I noticed in reading this was how unpleasant I found Oberon to be.

[grytajme · Nota: 5 de 5 estrelas]

I was a stagehand for this. Incredibly fun.

[paradox98_1 · Nota: 5 de 5 estrelas]

One of my favorite comedies. Significant to me because I've actually been in a love rhombus, as it were; therefore, I can relate some of the characters.

[brianinbuffalo · Nota: 3 de 5 estrelas]

As hard as I've tried, I could never quite get into this one. I've read it once and seen it performed twice. Both productions were classy. Still, I found the play tedious.

[osunale · Nota: 5 de 5 estrelas]

I consider this my first Shakespeare: this is the play that made me fall in love with the master. It's a supremely delightful work that never wears thin with time. It's that immortal "O lord, what fools these mortals be" that does me in every time. Humorous and splendidly human despite the fairies dancing across the words.

[therebelprince · Nota: 4 de 5 estrelas]

A reasonably mild edition of a great play, but one that will be eminently suitable for highschool students and actors.

[clq_2 · Nota: 3 de 5 estrelas]

I've been meaning to catch up on various Shakespeare plays that "everyone" has read, and after finishing a book and having no immediate plans for what to read next, A Midsummer Night's Dream was conveniently waiting for me on my Kindle.In short, I didn't really like reading it much. I can see how it would probably work much better on stage, but read as a book it didn't really do much for me.If I ever get the opportunity to see it on stage I probably will, and I'll be prepared to be pleasantly surprised at how well it can work as a play.That said, I do enjoy poems, and I found the lyrical nature of the dialogue, the rhythm and the rhyme, to be quite fun. But as a story I just didn't really appreciate it as much as I had expected.

[fredacochran · Nota: 5 de 5 estrelas]

Read it in high school. Loved it, it was funny

[deckla_1 · Nota: 5 de 5 estrelas]

Perfect comedy.

[katieloucks · Nota: 5 de 5 estrelas]

great!! I love this show!

[mrsdanaalbasha · Nota: 5 de 5 estrelas]

I have read this book twice and I really like it, it even might be my favorite among Shakespear books, for some reason the song "Strange And Beautiful (I'll Put A Spell On You)" Lyrics by Aqualung always reminds me of this book:

I've been watching your world from afar
I've been trying to be where you are
And I've been secretly falling apart... Unseen
To me, you're strange and you're beautiful
You'd be so perfect with me
But you just can't see
You turn every head but you don't see me

I'll put a spell on you
You'll fall asleep
When I put a spell on you
And when I wake you I'll be the first thing you see
And you'll realize that you love me

Sometimes the last thing you want comes in first
Sometimes the first thing you want never comes
But I know that waiting is all you can do
Sometimes

I'll put a spell on you
You'll fall asleep
When I put a spell on you
And when I wake you I'll be the first thing you see
And you'll realise that you love me

I'll put a spell on you
You'll fall asleep
Cause I put a spell on you
And when I wake you I'll be the first thing you see
And you'll realize that you love me

[cathywoolbright · Nota: 5 de 5 estrelas]

Every read of this classic reveals another tongue in cheek pun. This humorous comedy of errors deals with love, romance, fairies in an enchanted forest, a traveling actors' troupe that passes itself as professional, but offers comic relief, mistaken identity, and of course parents at the crux who will not let true love have its way. Just a simple, straightforward Shakespearean tale. Enjoy!

[kristina_brooke-1 · Nota: 5 de 5 estrelas]

I love sharing Shakespeare with my 5 year old. This is a very good children's version of one of my favorites. She loved it and was scolding Puck for being such a bad boy!